LOS ANGELES PIERCE COLLEGE

Spring 2006

            PHILOSOPHY 6: LOGIC IN PRACTIC (UC:CSU)

Section #0551 Monday and Wednesday 9:35-11:00


Betty Odello   Phone: 710-4329   
Office Hours: MW 7:30-9:25 AM
TTh 3:30-4:30    
Anytime by appointment


Faculty Office: 2306
profodello@hotmail.com

REQUIRED TEXT: Seech, Zachary, Open Minds and Everyday Reasoning 2nd Ed.
                                    Thomson/Wadsworth, 2005 ISBN 0-534-61348-9

 

RECOMMENDED TEXT: Satris, Stephen, Taking Sides: Clashing Views on Moral Issues, 10 ed., Dushkin/McGraw-Hill ISBN 0-07-312950

 

COURSE DESCRIPTION: Logic in Practice deals with how to understand and evaluate arguments and explanations by applying accepted standards of good reasoning. Students will learn techniques to recognize deductively valid arguments and avoid formal fallacies. They will also consider what is required for inductively strong arguments in order to avoid informal fallacies. There is particular emphasis on the appeals made in advertising and political rhetoric.

GRADING:   40% Quizzes:  Quizzes may or may not be announced. The lowest quiz

grade will be dropped. (Always bring a TCES 9783 to class for unannounced quizzes) NO MAKE UP QUIZZES!

One additional quiz will be given on the last day for students who may

want to replace one of their quiz grades.

                        30% Journal: See attached information about the journal

10% Class Homework Participation

                        20% Final: Everyone must take the cumulative final to pass.

                                

                       Attached is the requirement for extra credit that may be earned by critically analyzing some of the arguments presented in the

Taking Sides book. There may also be some lectures that will be announced that you may attend and analyze then turn in for extra credit.

The maximum amount of extra credit is 25 points which can raise your grade 4%.

                                   

FINAL GRADES will be assigned

                                                90-100%         =A

                                                80-89%           =B

                                                70-79%           =C

                                                60-69%           =D

ATTENDANCE:

            All students should be familiar with the Attendance Regulations printed in both the College Catalog and the Schedule of Classes.

                  Students are expected to be in class on time and to remain for the entire class period. Medical appointments, work, job interviews, childcare responsibilities, etc. should be arranged so as not to occur during class time. Please do not make requests for exceptions.

Any student who has unexcused absences equaling one week's worth of class time prior to census date(Feb.20th) may be excluded. Students may drop the class in the Admissions and Records Office, on-line, or by phone on or before April 21st. Students should never rely on the instructor to exclude them. Do not call the college offices to report absences; you may call my office extension.

By the last day to add the class, February 16th, students are responsible to inform the instructor of any anticipated absences due to observance of major religious holidays so that alternative arrangements may be made. Failure to do so may result in an inability to make other arrangements or a lower grade.”

(Pierce College Policy)

 

COURSE STANDARDS:     It is the responsibility of each student to come to each class prepared. During this course students are expected to achieve certain specified objectives. All performance assessment depends upon the accomplishment of these outcomes. STUDENTS ARE GRADED ON ACHIEVEMENT, RATHER THAN EFFORT.

           It is expected that each student will maintain high standards of honesty, ethical behavior, and academic integrity. All assignments submitted in fulfillment of course requirements must be the student's own work. Any student who is found plagiarizing, cheating, or handing in other student's work will be failed.
            It is assumed that students will perform at college level when preparing for class. Any paper that is to be handed in shoul be typed and submitted on the due date. Late papers will be deducted 10% for every class date late, maximum penalty is 50%.

CELL PHONES AND PAGERS:   Out of considerations for others please turn your cell phone and pagers off. If there is a “life and death” situation that requires you to keep your phone on please let the professor know before class. They do distract the other students and the professor when they ring during class discussions or study group activities.

NO CELL PHONE OR OTHER ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT IS ALLOWED DURING QUIZZES AND EXAMS. IF THEY ARE VISIBLE YOU WILL RECEIVE A FAIL FOR THE TEST.

 

OBJECTIVES:

Upon completion of this course the student will be able to:

   
1. distinguish statements intended as premises from statements intended as conclusions and both from statements that are background or peripheral to the actual argument.
   
2.

sum up the kep points in a piece of argumentation in order to show its basic structure.

   

3.

distinguish between necessary and sufficient conditions.

 

 

4.

use one or another technique (truth tables, Venn diagrams, etc.,) todecide when an argument is deductively valid

   
5.

recognize the presence of either a formal or an informal fallacy in a pierce of argumentation

   
6.

determine how one inductive argument may be said to be stronger or weaker than another because of the evidence presented.

   

7.

express a case for or against a given proposition using reliable evidence.

 

 TENTATIVE COURSE SCHEDULE:

 The page numbers in boldface font are to be read, reviewed, and studied before the assigned date. Homework is italicized.

                      

Week 1 Feb 6,8 Introduction. Chapter 1, Being Unreasonable
 

 

Week 2 Feb 13, 15

Monday: Open-mindedness (For today, study pp. 2-10)

Wednesday: Defensiveness (11-27)

 Quiz #1: Point of Logical Vulnerability (page 9) assignment due (will be  graded as a quiz)

   
Week 3 Feb 20 Holiday
   
            Feb 22 Wednesday: Language (30-52)
   

Homework: Turn in 3.1, 3.3, ( just write vague or ambiguous, be prepared to explain your answer in class)
3.4 1-25 (again you can write universal or non and explain in class)3.6

 

   
Week 4 Feb 27

March 1 Monday: QUIZ #2 Premises and conclusions (63-77)

Wednesday: Homework: Turn in 4.1, 4.2(underline conclusions, circle                                                             indicators, and number concepts)

   
Week 5 March 6, 8

Monday QUIZ # 3 Start basic mapping

Wednesday: Basic mapping (78-95) Turn in 4.2 with basic mapping

   
Week 6 March 13, 15

Monday: Homework: Turn in 5.1 mapping

Wednesday: Quiz #4 Start Deduction/Induction

   
7 March 20, 23

Monday: Deduction Validity (98-115)

               Wednesday: Homework: Turn in 6.1,6.2,6.3 

   
Week 8 March 27, 29

Monday QUIZ #5 Hypothesses/Statistics (116-140)

Wednesday: Homework: Turn in 7.1 (1-5), 7.2

   
Week 9 April 3, 5

Monday: Fallacies (141-164)Homework: Turn in 8.1

Wednesday: Fallacies (164-166)

Homework: Turn in 8.2, 8.3, QUIZ # 6

   
Week 10 April 10-12 Spring Break
   
Week 11 April 17, 19

Monday: Sidetracks. Homework: Turn in 8.4

Wednesday: QUIZ #7

   
Week 12 April 24, 26

Monday: Conditional arguments (183-191) Handout Nec/Suff info

Wednesday: Syllogisms (191-196 &207-210)

Homework:Turn in 9.1Put in Standard Form, Symbolic Form and evaluate for validity

   
Week 13 May 1, 3

Monday: Turn in 9.2 Quiz #8

Wednesday: Analogies Homework: Class discussion 9.3

   
Week 14, May 8,10

Monday: Analogies (196-207 &210-212)

Homework: Turn in 9.4 Put the arguments in Standard form, Symbolic Form, and then write your analogy.

Wednesday: Introduction to Evaluative mapping (213-232)

   
Week 15 May 15, 17

Monday: Notebooks due. Evaluative mapping

Wednesday: Homework: Turn in 10.1 Turn in again 6.1 and 9.1, this time do an   evaluative map.

   

Week 16 May 22, 25

Monday: Evaluative Mapping Quiz #9

Wednesday: Review for Final

Optional Additional Quiz

 

FINAL: Wednesday May 31st 9-11 AM

 

Please bring TCES 9783 and an evaluation of the class that includes at least 3 strengths and 3 weaknesses of the class.

 

It is my hope that we will have a successful semester with this critical thinking course. If you have any difficulty with the class it is best to see me as soon as possible.

 

Please feel free to contact me if you have ANY comments, questions, or suggestions about the class. It is with your input that we can make this a positive experience for all. While my office hours are limited I am on campus many additional hours and would be glad to meet with you in my office at your convenience. Just let me know when is best for you.

 

 

  

LOGIC NOTEBOOK: PHILOSOPHY 6

 

LOGIC IN PRACTICE

  

            The logic notebook will require the student to demonstrate a skill by performing a specific task of assessment or creation. Follow directions CAREFULLY.

 

            1. Identify your notebook by GMS# ONLY!

            2. Use a loose-leaf three-ring binder.

            3. All material is to be typed neatly. (Exception # 7)

            4. Passages from magazines, newspapers, or other sources (or copies of them)

                        should by neatly glued or taped on your paper.

                        Examples may NOT come from class or other Logic Textbooks.

                        Examples MUST be complete. Do not use parts of books, articles, etc.

                        Comic strips are not acceptable.

            5. Be thorough in your explanations. When in doubt about including an   

                        explanation always include it. It is better to emphasize a point than to

                        leave it out. Don't assume the reader know what you are thinking!

            6. Neatness, grammar, and spelling are important and will be considered.

 

 

 

1. Universal/Generalization (10 points)

            Explain the difference between universal and generalization. Find an example of each in print and carefully explain why it is what you claim it to be. Also find an example that has wording that allows for either interpretation. Which do you think was intended? Carefully explain why you think this.

 

2. Difficult people (10 points)

            Describe two occasions on which you dealt with one particular person who is difficult for you to deal with. One occasion should display how you handled a situation constructively; the other should display how you handled a similar situation less well. Discuss the difference.

 

3. Necessary/Sufficient (10 points)

            Explain the difference between necessary and sufficient causal relationship. Give an example of each and clearly explain why it is what you claim it to be.

 

4. Argument (10 points)

            Choose an argument from a printed page. Make sure it is an argument. Carefully define and explain; conclusion (transitional and ultimate), premise, implied statements, parenthetical statements, and inference indicators. Identify any that are included in this argument and explain why it is what you claim.

 

5. Argument Analysis (10 points)

            Use the same argument and determine if it is an inductive or deductive argument. If it is a deductive argument put in standard form and assess for validity and soundness. If it is an inductive argument map and assess for inductive strength by using the R-E-T method. Be sure to include the overall strength of the argument.

 

6. Sidetrack (10 points)

            Find a good example of one of the three sidetracks in print. Include a copy of the article, and explain which sidetrack occurs. Be precise and detailed in showing how the passage displays the sidetrack you claim occurs.

After including the sidetrack define the particular sidetrack you have chosen and then explain thoroughly why this is the sidetrack you claim it to be.

 

7. Fallacies (30 points)

            Find examples of three different fallacies in print. Define the particular fallacy and explain how this fallacy is committed in the example presented. No more than two appeal to emotion fallacies and they must be different emotions. (One extra fallacy may be included. The best three examples will be counted.)

 

8. Decision Making (10 points)

This will require that you read Chapter 12 independently. Select a personal decision that you have recently made or must eventually make. Construct a decision-making chart as shown on page 258. Be sure to included probability and desirability. Explain what you decided and if the chart helped.

 

GRADING The points possible are listed after each assignment. The total is 100. There will be points deducted for: not following directions, not using proper grammar, improper spelling, and neatness. Each class day that your notebook is late 10% of your grade is deducted. (Maximum deduction 50%)

 

PLEASE be very careful and follow directions. This notebook is 25% of your grade. There will be no chance of revision after it is graded. If you have any questions please ask me before, during, or after class. This is also a good time to visit my office for personal attention.

 

ALSO recognize that this assignment will take a great deal of your time. I highly recommend that you get started now!

 

 

 

Philosophy 6: Logic in Practice, Extra Credit

To complete an extra credit assignment

1.           Chose a topic from the Taking Sides: Moral Issues book and answer the following questions on both articles.

2.           Evaluate which argument is stronger and why

3.         Staple all information together

GMS#___________
Score____________

Title and author of article: __________________________________________________

 

Briefly state the main ideas of this article:____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 

List three important facts that the author uses to support the main idea: _____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 Show how this article supports its side of the issue: _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Evaluate for cogency: ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What is a good counterargument to the thesis of this article?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What point could be added to its argument?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_

List any examples of propaganda, bias, fallacies, or faulty reasoning that you found in the article. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________